Nestorian Cross. Christian cross variants 7th-century Byzantine solidus, showing Leont

Christian cross variants 7th-century Byzantine solidus, showing Leontius holding a globus cruciger, with a stepped cross on the obverse side Double-barred cross symbol as used in a 9th-century Byzantine seal Greek cross (Church of Saint Sava) and extended Greek cross (St Paul's Cathedral) in church floorplans The Christian cross, with or without a figure of Christ included, is the main Study spurred by the presence of a Nestorian cross amongst Buddhist monuments in Anuradhapura, capitol city of Sri Lanka in ancient times. Nestorian missionaries were established in China during the early Tang dynasty (618–907), and the Jingjiao Documents or Jesus Sutras are connected to Alopen. . Download this stock image: China: Nestorian headstone with a crucifix and four-winged angel holding a Cross-on-the Lotus symbol, at a Daoist temple in Quanzhou. English: Two Nestorian crosses found in China. org Salib Nestorian Salib Nestorian Usage on ru. The cross indeed occupied so prominent a place in Nestorian faith and life that in the Mongol period the Nestorian monasteries were known as the monasteries of the cross. The Anuradhapura 'Nestorian Cross' has been the subject of some controversy among Sri Lankan historians. A depiction of Nestorius being defrocked and having his vestments removed at the Council of Ephesus. LOCATION University Museum and Art Gallery The University of Hong Kong 90 Bonham Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong View on map Download this stock image: Sri Lanka: A rock-carved Nestorian Cross at Anuradhapura, c. These artifacts, produced primarily in the Ordos region of northwest China during This paper challenges the identification of bronze pieces as Nestorian crosses, based on F. Oct 9, 2016 · Nestorian cross Mogao Christian painting Nestorian cross Mogao Christian painting Usage on es. 1980 Cross-over Flower Basket (Kasane-ami Hanakago) Higashi Takesonosai 1993 Miniature Buddhist stupa approx. A 15c mural in Ferapontov Monastery. Artist: Unknown - DDN32X from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. Aug 19, 2019 · The Mark W. Brown Nestorian Cross Collection at Drew University is the second-largest collection of such crosses in the world. Dec 30, 2018 · In the following paper the researcher aims at making a cross cultural comparison between few of the ancient crosses like Nestorian Crosses, Armenian Khachkar, Persian Crosses in India , etc. Jun 26, 2024 · Discover the flower-shaped Nestorian crosses of the Yuan Dynasty, reflecting the rich Christian heritage along the Silk Road in Central Asia. Nestorianism teaches that the human and divine essences of Christ are separate and that there are two persons, the man Jesus Christ and the divine Download stock image by Sri Lanka: A rock-carved Nestorian Cross at Anuradhapura, c. Aug 2, 2025 · Captions Edit English Rubbing of a Nestorian cross at the Shih-tzu-ssu (Temple of the Cross), Fang-shan district, China nalysis of the bronzes commonly known as ‘Nestorian Crosses’ as coined by Anglican missionary P. Nestorianism was condemned as a heresy by the ecumenical councils of Ephesus (431) and Chalcedon (451). The long inscription on the stele describes the Christian faith as the ‘Illustrious Religion’, while the carving at the top shows the recognisable cross perched on a lotus amid the clouds. The result was embodied in a monograph entitled Chinese Nestorian Bronze Crosses which was published with the help of a grant from the Harvard-Yenching Institute in December 1934 as a double number of the Cheeloo University Bulletin 濟大季列,第三、五合期, 青鋼十字專號 A Nestorian cross on a tombstone from Kazakhstan (1300s AD)In 428 AD, when Pulcheria and Eudocia were running the Roman Empire, a bishop named Nestorius became the Patriarch of Constantinople. Wheel shaped center is cut out in five circles to resemble a flower. Jun 10, 2015 · The University of Hong Kong’s (HKU) Nestorian crosses were assembled by a Mr. It stands in the middle of a dense cloud which is symbolic of Muhammadanism, and upon a lotus, which symbolises Buddhism; its position indicates the triumph of the Luminous Religion of Christ over the religions of Muhammad and the Buddha. 1250-1400 with Florian Knothe, Director, University Museum and Art Gallery, The University of Hong Kong Shang dynasty fame, then professor of Chinese Archaeology at Cheeloo University, for study and classification. Nestorian bronze crosses were cast in the Ordos region in north-west China (Inner Mongolia) during the Yuan dynasty (1272–1368). org صليب نسطورى صليب نسطورى Usage on en. org The Nestorian crosses emerged in 13th-century China during the Mongol Empire, showcasing hybrid Christian and Buddhist motifs. Nestorian Christianity derived its name from Nestorius, a patriarch of Constantinople who was tried for heresy by the Council of Ephesus in 431 AD. It discusses significant findings such as the 'Nestorian Cross' and a controversial baptismal font, assessing their implications for understanding early Christian settlements on the island. Here we gathered some interesting information about Most ancient symbol of Jan 1, 2008 · Date,description:Paperback. A so-called Nestorian cross with a swastika design in the middle and a bird to one side. The most important question that we should ask, however, is, “Are these so-called Nestorian Crosses part of the Mongolian Nestorian Bronze 'Nestorian Cross', China, probably 1st millenium AD. org Nestorian cross Christian cross variants Nestorian cross Christian cross variants Usage on id. Rather than an instrument of crucifixion, or even of redemption in the sense of debts paid, the cross is cosmic. Many Protestant theologians, on the other hand, recognize this element of Nestorianism and assent to the title “Mother of God,” though they use it only infrequently. org Mar Dinkha IV Simeão VII Ixoiabe Mar Dinkha IV Simeão VII Ixoiabe Usage on ru. 5cm x 3. T. jpg 1,046 × 900; 539 KB The Nestorian Cross is a budded cross with a swastika and four birds, influenced by Asian culture. Aug 5, 2009 · Thursday, August 27, 2009 The 'Nestorian cross' - around 500AD at the Museum, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. " It was carved in 781 AD. 00 inches. It describes the existence of Christian communities in several cities in northern China. Aug 30, 2015 · The Nestorian Cross Of Anuradhapura In 1912, during routine excavations in the North-East of Anuradhapura's ancient citadel, a cross was discovered Aug 24, 2021 · Mining the Collection Friday, September 24, 10:00AM ET “Nestorian Crosses”: Christians and their Art in China, ca. Brass Nestorian Cross possibly worn as pendant. Scott in 1930. Britannica records that Nestorius was a monk from the Syrian city of Antioch. Learn about their historical significance and cultural impact with 3xM International. A common them of these religious art pieces is: the Cross arises from the Lotus Flower, which arises from the mud of the world. It is unlikely that a Nestorian cross as such ever existed. Yüen dynasty. Join us in preserving and celebrating this diverse history. There were 21 Nestorian monks in China, probably all Persian. Sep 1, 1994 · They find it difficult to say that God was born in Bethlehem, that God suffered and died on the cross at Calvary. Jun 10, 2015 · One often found detail in Nestorian crosses is the swastika—both left- and right-turning—a symbol found in Buddhism since the first century AD. M. The city remains one of the major cities in Sri Lanka and the capital of the Anuradhapura District. F. Brown Nestorian Cross Collection is the second largest collection of such crosses in the world and the largest in America. only in that restricted area where the Ongut Nestorians lived at that time, and since the Nestorian Christians of these regions were known for their excessively superstitious regard of the cross, the balance of evidence leans toward Christian influence. The Yuan Dynasty Stele, which commemorated the founding of a Nestorian Monastery in the year AD1383, uses the symbols of the cross, guarded by four lungs. It is composed of a cross similar to the Maltese cross, with four arms of roughly equal length which narrow in width towards the center of the cross. It examines the history, logic and evidence of the concept of Nestorian crosses, and suggests a paradigm shift in the study of Jingjiao and Yelikewen. May 9, 2021 · Structured data Categories: Art of Turkmenistan Nestorian crosses Church of the East in Central Asia Turkmenistan photographs taken on 2018-10-12 CC-BY-2. This Mining the Collection episode provides a rare glimpse into a group of so-called Nestorian bronze cross es, works cast in the Ordos region (modern-day Inner Mongolia) during the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368) and featuring hybrid Christian and Buddhist formal elements. This print is ready for Nestorianism is a Christian sect that originated in Asia Minor and Syria stressing the independence of the divine and human natures of Christ and, in effect, suggesting that they are two persons loosely united. A Nestorian brown patinated bronze Christian cross, Ordos region, North-west China, Yuan dynasty, the reverse with loop fitting, 3. Nestorianism is a term used in Christian theology and Church history to refer to several mutually related but doctrinally distinct sets of teachings that fall under the umbrella term Dyophysitism, such as two natures in Christ (human and Divine) or two The Church of the East (Classical Syriac: ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ʿĒḏtā d-Maḏenḥā) or the East Syriac Church, [13] also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, [14] the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church, the Chaldean Church[12][15][16] or the Nestorian Church, [note 2] is one of three major branches of Eastern Doesn’t this Nestorian cross of a double-headed bird remind you of this myth? . It represents the Nestorian belief in two persons of Christ, which was rejected by most Western and Orthodox churches. Nestorianism is a Christological doctrine advanced by Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople from 428-431. V. - HKRCHK from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. Christianity came to South India long before the European invaders. org Estela nestoriana Pintura cristiana de Mogao Iglesia del Oriente Estela nestoriana Pintura cristiana de Mogao Iglesia del Oriente Usage on id. Jun 8, 2024 · Nestorian Cross from the Nestorian Stele Tang dynasty I’m deeply interested in religious syncretisms. Nestorius Sep 24, 2021 · The 7th-century arrival of Nestorian Christianity, the Syriac form of Christianity also known as Church of the East, is recorded on the famous Nestorian stele erected in Xian in 781CE. 5cm, boxed, bearing museum collection numbers to base. Not being an insider within the Constantinopolitan clergy, his appointment was somewhat unexpected. Usage on id. Jul 22, 2018 · Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4. In Eastern Christian art in China, these crosses are sometimes simplified and depicted as resting on a lotus flower or on a stylized cloud. Nestorian Christianity derived its name from Nestorius, a patriarch of Constantinople tried for heresy by the Council of Ephesus in 431 AD. Experts in licensing art, culture and history images. Some Protestant and Reformed church organizations have been accused at times of Nestorianism. Publisher: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Pub. jpg 444 × 484; 67 KB Ciqikou Cross. Jul 30, 2017 · Chen mentioned: “There are more than one thousand so called Nestorian Crosses, which, as a confluence, include the cross shaped pieces, the geometrical pieces, the seal shape pieces and the bird shape pieces, possessed by different museums and institutions around the world. Description: This so-called Nestorian stele, also called the Xi'an Stele, was erected in 781 and recounts 150 years of Christian history in China (from ca. Available for both RF and RM licensing. 500 CE. Senarath Paranavitana to speculate whether Kasyapa and any other Lankan kings were Christians and whether the crosses had been erected at Christian burial grounds. Return to: Questions about False Doctrine What is Nestorianism? Who were the Nestorians? A Nestorian eastern style cross crafted from gleaming silver, adorned with exquisite precious stones. Download this stock image: . 今日係情人節！ 💝古希臘劇作家同埋詩人阿里斯托芬喺柏拉圖嘅《會飲篇》就從神話嘅角度序述愛情嘅起源：人類原本係無性別之分，佢哋嘅身體呈圓形，每人有兩個頭、四隻手同四隻腳。 Find the perfect nestorian cross stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. In Eastern Christian art in China, these crosses are sometimes simplified and depicted as resting on a lotus flower or on a stylised cloud. Sep 29, 2020 · Cathayan Nestorian Cross from the Nestorian Stele (with inscription). This paper examines the accumulating historical evidence (especially archaeological finds in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean region Apr 20, 2017 · One often found detail in Nestorian crosses is the swastika—both left- and right-turning—a symbol found in Buddhism since the first century AD. Bodhisattva -like figurine seated on a cross, a Church of the East relic from Imperial China, probably Yuan dynasty. Sri Lankan Stats would like to wish you and your family a Merry Christmas with peace, health, and prosperity in the coming year. History Chinese stone inscription of a Nestorian Cross from the Cross Temple of Fangshan District in Beijing (then called Dadu, or Khanbaliq), dated to the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368 AD) of imperial China. jpg 350 × 322; 15 KB Cross in Rabban Hormizd Monastery. Poster Print by Granger Collection - Item # VARGRC0122756 would make the perfect addition to your home or office or gift recipient. Thomas near Madras, India as the Nestorian cross. If this view is eventually confirmed, then these objects give fresh evidence of one aspect Higashi Takesonosai approx. This analysis builds upon recent criticism of Scott and other early scholars and collectors’ ident Jan 20, 2023 · To commemorate their presence in China, the Nestorian Christians set up a monument known as a ‘stele’ in the city of Xi’an in the year 781. Despite subsequent repressions, the religion continued to be practiced and, by the 13th century, had been firmly re-established in northwest China. org Крест Несторианский крест Крест Несторианский крест Usage on tr. Nixon who served as a British postal commissioner in Beijing in the 1930s and 1940s. The sprays of flowers, one on each side, are said The symbol of the cross from its origin in a pre-Christian phase to its Christianization has gone through a long period of evolution spanning hundreds of years. Oct 9, 2016 · Usage on arz. 1700-1800 Incense burner with Arabic inscriptions approx. jpg 414 × 331; 36 KB Cathayan Nestorian Cross from the Nestorian Stele. The Assyrian Church of the East is the intellectual inheritor of Nestorianism, which represents a historical continuity with Nestorian Christianity, though it is debated whether their christological doctrine is actually Nestorian. /Ncross Inscribed On The Nestorian Stele Erected In 781 A. ” So Nestorians were readily absorbed into the local church there. These artifacts, produced primarily in the Ordos region of northwest China during On the Xi'an Stele (also known as the "Nestorian Stele"), erected in 781, there is a cross rising from a lotus, surrounded by a pair of symmetrical clouds. Mar 22, 2024 · In the vast expanse of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region lies a hidden gem of historical significance - the relics site of a Nestorian monastery in Turpan. 0 Flickr images reviewed by FlickreviewR 2 Photographs by Hans Birger Nilsen From the University of San Francisco Ricci Institute for Chinese-Western Cultural History: THE LOTUS & THE CROSS: EAST-WEST CULTURAL EXCHANGE ALONG THE SILK ROAD This online exhibit replicates the exhibition of large-format photographs of stone tombstones from Fujian province in South China and stone crosses from Kerala state in South India was Check out our nestorian cross necklace selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our necklaces shops. The metallic surface glimmers in the sunlight, reflecting the brilliance of the gemstones that adorn its intricate design. May 11, 2016 · The extensive display of the Nestorian crosses categorises the pieces into four distinct stylistic groupings according to their formal characteristics and cultural and religious motifs. For the period down to its creation in 781, the stele itself is the primary source of what is known about Tang Nestorian Christianity. Nestorian Cross, 781 A. The doctrine, which was informed by Nestorius's studies under Theodore of Mopsuestia at the School of Antioch, emphasizes the disunion between the human and divine natures of Jesus. The cross symbol is significant in understanding the early presence of Christianity in East Asia. Learn why Nestorius denied Mary as God-bearer and how Cyril defended Christ’s unity. Thank you for your patience! Nestorianism is a Christological heresy which originated in the Church in the 5th century out of an attempt to rationally explain and understand the incarnation of the divine Logos, the Second Person of the Holy Trinity as the man Jesus Christ. org Hristiyan Jan 1, 2017 · It is generally agreed that the study of the Nestorian Cross (a kind of bronze piece believed to be an early Chinese Christian relic), has great significance both for the developing study of Jingjiao and for ethnographic studies of the Nestorian Mongol people. wikipedia. The swastika is regularly represented as the central part of the cross that thereby becomes hybrid in character and specific to the Nestorians. Nestorianism continued to flourish in China until Modern Nestorianism The Assyrian Church of the East and the "Nestorian" Church of the East & Abroad represent a historical continuity with the Nestorian Christianity, though it is debated whether their doctrine is actually Nestorian. jpg 355 × 206; 18 KB Church of the East Cross on the Nestorian Stele. Unknown Cathayan Nestorian Cross 3 - MMTXM4 from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. Here we gathered some interesting information about Most ancient symbol of Dec 24, 2020 · Most ancient symbol of Christianity in Sri Lanka - The Nestorian Cross Of Anuradhapura People around the world celebrate Christmas today. Marco Polo described this in his travels. Deeper Dec 28, 2023 · The Anuradhapura Cross in Sri Lanka suggests a strong presence of Nestorian Christianity in Sri Lanka during the 6th century AD. org Несторіанський хрест Aug 6, 2013 · The Anuradhapura Cross, or ‘Nestorian Cross’ was first discovered in 1912 at Anuradhapura, one of the ancient capitals of Sri Lanka famous for its well-preserved ruins of ancient Sri Lanka civilisation. The Nestorian cross is a form of Christian cross emblematic of the Church of the East, featuring a symmetrical cruciform design with four arms of equal length, often resembling a Maltese, Greek, or Syrian cross, and typically cast in bronze as flat, plaque-like ornaments measuring 3 to 8 centimeters in height. It records a pattern of expansion and growth, with perhaps two or three dozen monasteries being established during that century and a half. is a licensed reproduction that was printed on Premium Heavy Stock Paper which captures all of the vivid colors and details of the original. It is composed of a cross similar to the Maltese cross, with four arms of roughly equal length which narrow in width towards the centre. 500 CE. - High quality fine art images, pictures, photos and videos from Bridgeman Images. Jan 4, 2022 · Several Nestorian theologians settled in Persia, where the Persian church heard their thoughts on the two natures of Christ and told them, “Yes, of course, we’ve believed that all along. Download this stock image: Bronze 'Nestorian Cross', China, probably 1st millenium AD. 00 x 24. Feb 13, 2023 · The Heresy of Nestorianism The Nestorian teaching originated in the school of Antioch, and was taught by Diodorus and by Theodore, bishop of Mopsuestia. 1700-1800 Covered spittoon Table screen depicting the Daoist deity Doumu and her entourage The Nestorians in the Yuan Dynasty continued to use the symbol of the lung with the cross in their witness to the Chinese. Thomas the Apostle, near Madras, India, which for good reasons is assumed to date from the same century. In his travels, however, Marco Polo famously describes the cross on the tomb of St. Jun 26, 2011 · The discovery of a Nestorian cross engraved on a rock in Anuradhapura and another unearthed in Sigiriya some years ago led Prof. The Nestorian Stele entitled 大秦景教流行中國碑 was erected in China in 781. Pages Number: 317 Language: Chinese. Nestorianism, also known as Jingjiao in Chinese, represents the earliest form of Christianity introduced to China, and the disc The three main elements that the Anuradhapura cross has in common with Nestorian crosses are: the "leaves" (with their upward facing fronds) at the base of the cross, which symbolize the "tree of life" (the vitality of the tree is accentuated by its fruit-like protrusions); the second element is that each of the arms of the cross terminate in a The three main elements that the Anuradhapura cross has in common with Nestorian crosses are: the "leaves" (with their upward facing fronds) at the base of the cross, which symbolize the "tree of life" (the vitality of the tree is accentuated by its fruit-like protrusions); the second element is that each of the arms of the cross terminate in a Check out our nestorian cross selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our pendant necklaces shops. 0 International source of file original creation by uploader Categories: Art of the Church of the East Gospel Books Syriac manuscripts 13th-century illuminated manuscripts Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin manuscripts Miniatures of the True Cross Constantinus I Magnus in art In hoc signo vinces CC-BY-SA-4. org Salib Nestorian Salib Nestorian Usage on pt. Written in Chinese and Syriac, it records the existence of Nestorian Christianity during the Tang dynasty when "The religion spread throughout the ten provinces [and] monasteries abound in a hundred cities. It is generally agreed that the study of the Nestorian Cross (a kind of bronze piece believed to be an early Chinese Christian relic), has great significance both for the developing study of The Nestorian cross is associated with the Church of the East. Malabar still has a Christian community dating back to the Apostle Thomas. The Mark W. Marco Polo 's interesting account of it can be found in Chapter XVIII of his well-known book of travel. . The pattern symbolises peace, happiness and wisdom Price: HK$150 Associated Exhibition or Collection: Nov 11, 2022 · What the Xi’an stele reveals about the rise and fall of the Nestorian church in the Tang Dynasty. It is composed of a cross similar to the Maltese cross, with four arms of roughly equal length wh Oct 1, 2022 · Of the three seal impressions, one, set within a diamond field, is a Nestorian cross with similar stylistic features to the Cross of Anuradhapura (Bohingamuwa, 2017; Mihindukulasuriya, 2011). Aug 18, 2018 · Captions Captions English Rubbings of a Nestorian cross at the Shih-tzu-ssu (Temple of the Cross), Fang-shan district, China May 7, 2025 · Explore the theotokos debate and Nestorianism heresy. Nixon's collection. A. ↑ It may be of interest to note that the cross preserved on the Nestorian stone bears a great resemblance to that on the tomb of St. Nestorian Stele Beilin Museum ("Forest of Steles"), Xi'an This stele displays a Nestorian cross (closeup). Spokes are slightly rounded - resemble petals. This appears to be a Cross Bottony, above which appears the Holy Spirit in the form of The tie is decorated with the bird design derived from a Yuan-dynasty Nestorian bronze cross. The Nestorian cross is associated with the Church of the East. 0 Aug 24, 2021 · The Nestorian heresy was an unexpected one that began with the Patriarch of Constantinople. org Несторианский крест Несторианский крест Usage on uk. Nestorian bronze crosses were cast in the Ordos region in north-west China (Inner Mongolia) during the Yuan Incorporated Christian cross into Buddhist icons Lotus - symbol of Buddhist enlightenment Acknowledge that Jesus rises above the world; has an enlightened status But, like a lotus, he is rooted to Site will be available soon. English: The Cross sculptured on the famous Nestorian Monument at Hsi-an-fu. Download this stock image: The Cathayan Nestorian Cross is part of the Nestorian Stele, an ancient monument that represents the introduction of Christianity to China. The cross which was a symbol of shame and punishment for criminals became a Christian 唐朝 大秦景教流行中國碑 上的十字架。 聶斯托留十字架 （英語： Nestorian cross），即 景教 十字架，是一種源自歷史上的 東方教會 及今日的 東方亞述教會 的 十字架。聶斯托留十字架的基本外形比較類似 馬爾他十字，十字架橫臂的左右兩側邊各有三珠裝飾，頂部裝飾兩珠，底部則只有一珠，這九 May 26, 2019 · In the paper, Stang proposes that this “Nestorian” monument contains a robust though misunderstood theology of the cross, but not in the way many Western Christians would expect. What was the heresy? These men did not accept the Orthodox belief that the human and divine natures of Christ were united from the instant of the Word's conception in the womb of Mary. Subsequently the collection was acquired by the Lee Hysan Foundation and donated to Hong Kong University in 1961. D. At the top of the stele, among swirling clouds, is a cross on a lotus flower, an adaptation of Buddhist iconography in which the lotus pedestal serves as the seat of the gods. Date :2008-11-01. The Nestorian cross is associated with the Church of the East. , To Commemorate The Introduction Of Christianity In T'Ang China, Located In Sian-Fu, China. The overall paper size is 18. The Nestorian Cross is associated with the Church of the East. cross Lotus: The Chinese Yuan literature Syriac Nestorian Inscription collection of almost all found in the Yuan Dynasty in Chin The paper explores archaeological and literary evidence of Syro-Persian ('Nestorian') Christian presence in ancient Sri Lanka, focusing on the 6th century. This Poster Print is ready for hanging or framing and ships in an oversized tube for IV – Nestorian Relics Cross Under Chinese/ Sino – Central Asian Expressions and Depictions There are a plenty of Nestorian / Jingjiao relics exhibited in Museums in China. Dec 24, 2020 · Most ancient symbol of Christianity in Sri Lanka - The Nestorian Cross Of Anuradhapura People around the world celebrate Christmas today. Cruciform symbols were significant in both Eastern and Western Christianity, with shared designs occurring across cultures. The Nestorian church rejected icons and images and only used simple crosses at the entrance of churches and tombs. 635 until 781). The lotus consists of seven petals, and two branches with flowers are depicted on either side of the main pattern.

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